Precious metal sheets or wires are carefully cut to fit the jewelry design. various tools such as saws and cutters are used in this process. cutting ensures that the pieces are the desired size and shape, forming the fundamental structure of the jewelry.

The cut pieces are shaped into the desired form for the jewelry. techniques such as stretching, bending, forging, and rolling are used in this process. shaping is carried out with precision, taking into account the metal’s flexibility and durability.”

Different parts are joined together using soldering and welding methods. soldering involves using a low-temperature alloy to bond the pieces. welding, on the other hand, is performed at higher temperatures and ensures a strong and durable connection between the parts.

The metal is hammered using tools such as a hammer and anvil. this process increases the metal’s density and durability while achieving the desired shape. additionally, forging is used to add textural details to the surface of the jewelry.

Casting is performed using either wax models or direct metal molds. this process allows for the creation of complex and detailed designs. after casting, the pieces are cleaned and polished.

After the shaping and soldering processes, the surface is smoothed. at this stage, fine sandpaper or sanding machines are used to remove imperfections from the metal surface. smoothing is a critical step that determines the aesthetic quality and final appearance of the jewelry.

Engraving is applied to add fine patterns and embellishments to the jewelry’s surface. this process can be done using hand tools or high-precision engraving machines. engraving enhances the aesthetic value of the jewelry, giving it a unique character and adding personal touches.